Religion carved in stone.

[Technosoul]

Stonehenge was constructed by people living in 4500 BC. In what science would call the stone age.

The stones weighing tons were moved about 25 miles to that location and then set upright in a circle.

The monument represented the circle of life and death but was also carefully positioned like a calendar to make use of the sun rays on the longest and on the shortest days of the year.

The stones represented eternity in that they can last forever. It was believed the the human soul (spirit) would dwell there and elders who had died would become like gods who could control many things in nature, and reward or punish the tribe (thousands of people) in different ways.

A short distance away they built another henge the same size as Stonehenge only it was made out of wood from trees. Representing that life is temporary because wood does not last forever but can bio-degrade.

In the stoneage they used stones and wood for nearly everything made that was useful for them, arrowheads and arrows. wood for fire and rocks to construct their primative stoves or ovens.

In spite of the fact it was the stoneage they also made and used pottery.

The religion would hold two big events twice a year, one around about Christmas time and one on the longest day in summer. As the sun appeard through the rocks they saw it as a good sign and they would thank the elders who were now soul spirits for their blessings, or to ask for favors during the next year. After giving honor to the dead the would honor life, walking down a well marked highway to the next henge where they would celebrate life with a large feast and by merry making, a time for sexural activity. The sexual celebration of life was done in during the Chrstmas event so that children are born in the spring time when food would be the most abundant.

Life and death and the idea of that circular principle also allowed then to understand time which is useful as a calendar by which to plan the two big events, which resulted as a careful study of the sun and other objects in the sky.

Although they were stoneage primitives they also had high I Qs, which were needed to move the stones (it took about 80 tripes for all the gaint rocks) which took a lot of planning efforts. And it took lots of organization that involved a lot of people.

Much of the digging was done with deer horns and they had no domestic animals to help them pull the stones, using rope made out of bark and trees to roll the stones on.

So stonehendge was simular to our modern tombstones. But then the stones were viewed with sacred respect as having the oldest souls on the planet.

Near stonehendge a large city of houses were discovered which the people used as temporary shelters during the big celebrations (not sure how long each religious holiday lasted). Which holiday was also a means to bring people together (who were farmers and hunters) so they could meet each other and have sex ( a primitive dating service ) for the next generation where new family arrangements were sealed.

Party time.

The sun also represented a heavenly image of their campfire which became (was already) the most important aspect of everyday life.

As the stonehendge era came to a close new rocks became important, copper, gold, and so forth which could be melted and shaped as tools and weapons, and other purposes. In a grave near near by (dated close to the end of that era) they found copper knives, gold clips used to hold long hair in place, pottery chips, and necklaces used for personal decoration. They found no evidence of idols or carved objects for any sort of God or famous person at that location, being that they believe that their forefathers (mothers) who died had spirits that would act like guardian angels to protect and to help provide for them the blessing needed for an abundant life. Those blessing would come in the form of rain when needed for crops and so that animals would be guided to them during their hunts. And so that they could bear children.

Any comments or questions?

[triad]

It is funny how these 'primitive' stone-agers probably had higher IQs than we do, relevant to time period of course. Sure, I can use a Blackberry, but could I figure out how to roll large stones with no motorized equipment? Nope. All of our 'advances' as mankind have actually deteriorated our very basic methods of architect and systematic procedures (without using anything man-made).


Anyways, about the thread... It was delightful to read. It makes me smile when I read the part about how they didn't have drawings of 'Idols' or 'Gods', but rather they cherished the things that made direct and real influence in their lives. Brilliance from an era of rocks and dirt. Love it.

[Technosoul]

Quote by: triad It is funny how these 'primitive' stone-agers probably had higher IQs than we do, relevant to time period of course. Sure, I can use a Blackberry, but could I figure out how to roll large stones with no motorized equipment? Nope. All of our 'advances' as mankind have actually deteriorated our very basic methods of architect and systematic procedures (without using anything man-made). Anyways, about the thread... It was delightful to read. It makes me smile when I read the part about how they didn't have drawings of 'Idols' or 'Gods', but rather they cherished the things that made direct and real influence in their lives. Brilliance from an era of rocks and dirt. Love it.

This discription is mostly based on a new show that aired on the National Geographic channel 101. It aired only a few hours ago, but you might catch a re-run if you check out your TV guide listings.

I was unable to find any webpage links to that particular program or it's ideas. I think the program might have been called "the lost city of stonehendge". (something like that).

[Technosoul]

I would also like to say that it is odd that scientifically minded researchers would automatically assume that religion played a big role when they attmpt to explain the life styles of some ancient civilazation. Even as far back as the stoneage.

At first it made sense because Native Ameircans teach about the old days when they held those very same concepts as what was assigned to the stonehenge people.

Almost as if the scientists used the Native American stories to explain why they built stonehenge. That is after all only guesswork.

Native Americans also make circles with rocks and use that to explain things, and they always build their steam house with the door facing the morning sun, which keeps them mindfull of directions (north south east and west) as direction is a important if part of your life is nomadic.

The movie showed them all doing some religious ritual while chanting and so forth. They mixed their fantasy about that culture with the facts they unearthed, but none of the facts really suggested a religion, other then the stonehenge monument it's self.
Even though their discription is most likey correct I feel some doubts should be expressed about stonehendge being totally a religious object for worship or for supersition.

They seem to downplay the science surrounding that construction as well as the science of constructing things soundly. Their own houses were not so well constructed by the way.

This is also a discovery about the role science played even during the stonge age. Building a stone monument that encompassed a lot of cosmological data is really a amazing feat for people who hunted with a bow and arrows and who dug holes with a deer horn.

Of course people are emotional and have ways to greave their friends and family members who die, but the evidence reported that they only found around 100 people who's remains were uncovered at the stonehenge location. Carbon dating suggested they were burried each about at about two years apart from each other. Suggesting that only kings or VIPs were laid to rest at that spot, or just happened to die there during construction which was a dangerious occupation.

None the less the new theroy developed from digs that began in 2004 have upstaged some piror speculations that stonehenge was used to worship Apollo or the sun god RA. Or other such mythology that occured long after 4500 BC.

Odd also is that even Elephants have grave yards and no one would speculate that Elephants had a religion.
(well, no one but Technosoul with a big grin ).

It is just odd that scientists who research history seem determined to prove that human progress is the by-product of some supersition. You would think, by the debates around here, they would promote the idea that primative science was what motivated humans to create a time keeper stone clock like stonehenge and other projects for smelting gold and so forth.

Now if I lived one of my past lives and was recycled full circle via reincarnation then I might ask my first self to watch over me this time around with a little advice via revelations - so I can have a good karma. Why ask my great great grandfather when I could ask my elder self that died in a past life? Aha. Now am feeling like my old self again, just another religious theory to add to my vast collection. Thank you Elder Self for channeling that important idea to me. Aha.. Okay reader... stop laughing at me... I can read your mind and I know what you are doing.

[Garry Denke]

God is a Rock

Stonehenge Mineral Rock Material

For those unfamiliar with the 7 mined mineral materials of Stonehenge
here is a list of them shown in chronological order of their appearance

85 MYA

Stonehenge White Chalk - The outcrop sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Late Cretaceous Period, Santonian Age, calcium carbonate. Late Cretaceous Period outcrop sedimentary rock is the in situ mineral material mined by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 85 million years old. Stonehenge White Chalk stone is called Seaford Chalk Formation rock. White in color, this mineral rock is from the Aubrey Holes - Stonehenge Ditch - Salisbury Plain mining area.

3100 BC

Stonehenge Whitestone - The oldest limestone sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) Period, Arundian Age, calcium carbonate. Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) Period limestone sedimentary rock is the first (1st) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 340 million years old. Stonehenge Whitestone stone is called High Tor (Birnbeck) Limestone Formation rock. White in color, this mineral rock is from the Pembrokeshire Coalfield - South Wales Coalfield mining area.

3000 BC

Stonehenge Anthracite - The oldest coal metamorphic rock of Stonehenge is Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period, Westphalian Age, carbon. Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period anthracite coal metamorphic rock is the second (2nd) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 310 million years old. Stonehenge Anthracite stone is called Metamorphic Coal Measures Formation rock. Blue in color, this mineral rock is from the Pembrokeshire Coalfield mining area.

Stonehenge Cosheston - The oldest sandstone sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Devonian Period micaceous silicate. Devonian Period sandstone sedimentary rock is the third (3rd) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 408 million years old. Stonehenge Cosheston stone is called Senni Beds (Old Red Sandstone) Formation rock. Green in color, this mineral rock is from the Pembrokeshire Coalfield - South Wales Coalfield mining area.

Stonehenge Bituminous - The oldest coal sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period, Westphalian Age, carbon. Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period bituminous coal sedimentary rock is the fourth (4th) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 310 million years old. Stonehenge Bituminous stone is called Sedimentary Coal Measures Formation rock. Black in color, this mineral rock is from the South Wales Coalfield mining area.

2600 BC

Stonehenge Bluestone - The oldest volcanic igneous rock of Stonehenge is Ordovician Period intrusive igneous diabase (dolerite) and extrusive igneous felsite (rhyolite) and tuff (basic). Ordovician Period volcanic igneous rock is the fifth (5th) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 470 million years old. Stonehenge Bluestone stone is called Ordovician Volcanic Igneous rock. Blue in color, this mineral rock is from the Pembrokeshire Coalfield - South Wales Coalfield mining area.

2200 BC

Stonehenge Sarsen - The youngest sandstone sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Oligocene-Miocene (Tertiary) Period silicate. Oligocene-Miocene Period sandstone sedimentary rock is the sixth (6th) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 24 million years old. Stonehenge Sarsen stone is called Reading Formation rock. Gray in color, this mineral rock is from the Marlborough Downs mining area.

00 MYA

Dr. Garry Denke, Lt.-Col. William Hawley, Robert Newall cave chimney vent
holes' core samples have both anthracite coal and bituminous coal in them

John Aubrey Saw Aubrey Holes Not

God is a Rock

[Garry Denke]

Panoramio - Photo of Heelstone lion head, calf head, man face (clockwise) flying eagle wings centering

Heelstone lion head, calf head, man face (clockwise) flying eagle wings centering on Flickr - Photo Sharing!

[Technosoul]

Quote by: Garry Denke God is a Rock Stonehenge Mineral Rock Material For those unfamiliar with the 7 mined mineral materials of Stonehenge here is a list of them shown in chronological order of their appearance 85 MYA Stonehenge White Chalk - The outcrop sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Late Cretaceous Period, Santonian Age, calcium carbonate. Late Cretaceous Period outcrop sedimentary rock is the in situ mineral material mined by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 85 million years old. Stonehenge White Chalk stone is called Seaford Chalk Formation rock. White in color, this mineral rock is from the Aubrey Holes - Stonehenge Ditch - Salisbury Plain mining area. 3100 BC Stonehenge Whitestone - The oldest limestone sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) Period, Arundian Age, calcium carbonate. Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) Period limestone sedimentary rock is the first (1st) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 340 million years old. Stonehenge Whitestone stone is called High Tor (Birnbeck) Limestone Formation rock. White in color, this mineral rock is from the Pembrokeshire Coalfield - South Wales Coalfield mining area. 3000 BC Stonehenge Anthracite - The oldest coal metamorphic rock of Stonehenge is Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period, Westphalian Age, carbon. Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period anthracite coal metamorphic rock is the second (2nd) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 310 million years old. Stonehenge Anthracite stone is called Metamorphic Coal Measures Formation rock. Blue in color, this mineral rock is from the Pembrokeshire Coalfield mining area. Stonehenge Cosheston - The oldest sandstone sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Devonian Period micaceous silicate. Devonian Period sandstone sedimentary rock is the third (3rd) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 408 million years old. Stonehenge Cosheston stone is called Senni Beds (Old Red Sandstone) Formation rock. Green in color, this mineral rock is from the Pembrokeshire Coalfield - South Wales Coalfield mining area. Stonehenge Bituminous - The oldest coal sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period, Westphalian Age, carbon. Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period bituminous coal sedimentary rock is the fourth (4th) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 310 million years old. Stonehenge Bituminous stone is called Sedimentary Coal Measures Formation rock. Black in color, this mineral rock is from the South Wales Coalfield mining area. 2600 BC Stonehenge Bluestone - The oldest volcanic igneous rock of Stonehenge is Ordovician Period intrusive igneous diabase (dolerite) and extrusive igneous felsite (rhyolite) and tuff (basic). Ordovician Period volcanic igneous rock is the fifth (5th) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 470 million years old. Stonehenge Bluestone stone is called Ordovician Volcanic Igneous rock. Blue in color, this mineral rock is from the Pembrokeshire Coalfield - South Wales Coalfield mining area. 2200 BC Stonehenge Sarsen - The youngest sandstone sedimentary rock of Stonehenge is Oligocene-Miocene (Tertiary) Period silicate. Oligocene-Miocene Period sandstone sedimentary rock is the sixth (6th) mineral material imported by the Ancient. This mineral material is approximately 24 million years old. Stonehenge Sarsen stone is called Reading Formation rock. Gray in color, this mineral rock is from the Marlborough Downs mining area. 00 MYA Dr. Garry Denke, Lt.-Col. William Hawley, Robert Newall cave chimney vent holes' core samples have both anthracite coal and bituminous coal in them John Aubrey Saw Aubrey Holes Not God is a Rock

In biblical times I would have stoned you with my gods for saying that.

That was interesting stuff you posted, is that data for real? Where did you get that information?

[Walrus]

I haven’t seen the National Geographic program but I have been reading some of the latest stuff on Stonehenge. Evidence would suggest that Stonehenge’s purpose was religious and probably involved some form of sun worship and this is pretty much accepted, but as far as I am aware we know very little about its builders or their purpose. There are a number of theories some based on archaeological findings, others based on fancy, but even experts tend to disagree and some experts can get a little enthusiastic, which the media loves and may even elaborate on, at the expense of more conservative views.

As to the builders IQ level, how has that been determined? They may have been considered primitive at a social level but physically and mentally they were just the same as us (Homo sapiens.)

It was still an amazing feat of engineering and it should also be remembered that it is not the only stone circle, we have many, in fact there is circle of standing stones not far from where I live, we get quite a few visiting pagans.

[Gods_Mercenary]

They seem to downplay the science surrounding that construction as well as the science of constructing things soundly. Their own houses were not so well constructed by the way.

Because they know back then science and reliion were one in the same, the guy who could predict the solstice was also a wise-man/preist, most likely. Plus, do you really need a rock the size of a house to build one?

As to their I.Q., they had the advantage or manpower and trial and error. Plus, I'd imagine that while they'd fail any modern I.Q. test spectacularly, they were probably far more spatially and practically oriented.

[Technosoul]

Quote by: Walrus I haven’t seen the National Geographic program but I have been reading some of the latest stuff on Stonehenge. Evidence would suggest that Stonehenge’s purpose was religious and probably involved some form of sun worship and this is pretty much accepted, but as far as I am aware we know very little about its builders or their purpose. There are a number of theories some based on archaeological findings, others based on fancy, but even experts tend to disagree and some experts can get a little enthusiastic, which the media loves and may even elaborate on, at the expense of more conservative views. As to the builders IQ level, how has that been determined? They may have been considered primitive at a social level but physically and mentally they were just the same as us (Homo sapiens.) It was still an amazing feat of engineering and it should also be remembered that it is not the only stone circle, we have many, in fact there is circle of standing stones not far from where I live, we get quite a few visiting pagans.

They discovered a stonehenge in Fla. USA

And of course the stones on Eastern Island must of used the same kind of methods only they were also caved with faces.

Apparently large rocks were viewed as something very impressvie and strong, symbolizing the male ego.

The things the new digs discovered (2004 and later) was a city nearby and the man-made highway that connected the stone henge with the wood henge. They conducted no digs inside the stonehenge monument. The dig was apparently well funded because they employed the topnotch experts in the field to help overview the project.

They assumed (called) the builders British.

The puzzle that remains for me is the apparent fact that moving large stones was being done in many places around the globe. How could people so distant from each other know about the same kinds of construction methods unless they were the same group that traveled all over the earth ( at a time before the wheel was invented ). There is a lot about our prehistoric past that baffles the imagination.

[Garry Denke]

Quote by: Technosoul That was interesting stuff you posted, is that data for real?

Coal dusters... Avebury coal duster, Cursus coal duster, Durrington Walls coal duster, Long Barrow coal duster, Robin Hood''s Ball coal duster, Stonehenge coal duster, Woodhenge coal duster, etc, all being originally simple coal hunting failures. Every one of them were coal exploration sites that did not yield any coal. Take away all of the dressed up cemetery headstone rocks and what have you got? Nothing more than a bunch of coal exploratory ditches and holes, that is what. Afterwards, these ditches and holes were utilised as grave plots, for tired disappointed coal explorers, and their cold disheartened families... Sad but true.

Cave Coal: 800,000 BC; Hand Axes
Camp Fuel: Dates through Ice Ages

---> NW to SE --->

Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Salisbury Plain

http://www.durhamrecordsonline.com/l...ds-british.gif

Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Prospect Area

http://www.geology.19thcenturyscienc...GeoMap-400.jpg

800,000 BC Coalfield -> 800,000 BC Coalfield -> 100,000 BC Coalfield -> Stonehenge

---> dusters in white --->

http://www.coalpro.co.uk/images/coalmap.jpg

Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Avebury duster

Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Cursus duster

Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Durrington Walls duster

Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Long Barrow duster

Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Robin Hood's Ball duster

Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Stonehenge duster

Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Woodhenge duster

http://www.coalpro.co.uk/images/coalmap.jpg

---> dusters in white --->

800,000 BC Coalfield -> 800,000 BC Coalfield -> 100,000 BC Coalfield -> Stonehenge

http://www.geology.19thcenturyscienc...GeoMap-400.jpg

Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Prospect Area

http://www.durhamrecordsonline.com/l...ds-british.gif

Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Salisbury Plain

---> NW to SE --->

Camp Fuel: Dates through Ice Ages
Cave Coal: 800,000 BC; Hand Axes

Quote by: Technosoul Where did you get that information?

His Diary of 1656

Doctor Garry Whilhelm Denke, Sr. (b. April 19, 1622; d. February 19, 1699) was a German historian, antiquarian and dentist. He was born in Baden, trained at Schwarzwald School, Black Forest, in metal and wood dentistry. Dr. Denke is best known for his Stonehenge Heelstone flying eagle 1656 hollow stem auger core of Cartridge brass (70% Cu; 30% Zn) and Live oak.

After serving in the Thirty Years' War, he collected South Namur Waulsort and South Wales Coalfield white stone (Carboniferous) and coal stone from Stonehenge. Devoutly Catholic, Dr. Denke set out for Jamestown in the year 1666, was German Church historian and made Doctor by Sir William Berkeley governor dentist. He performed Appomattox Indian dentistry.

In 1676 Virginia Civil War, Dr. Denke opossumed Bacon's Rebellion and settled at Hell's Gate, Brazos River South Wall, Great Kingdom of the Tejas, Caddo confederacy. The Doctor's elder Waulsort and Wales white stone collection, his crude biology (paleontology) and hollow stem auger core drill are housed at Caddo, near Breckenridge, Stephens County, Texas.

Live oak (Quercus virginiana), Virginia algonquian (Didelphis virginiana)

Why do you ask?

[Thanatos]

Quote by: triad It is funny how these 'primitive' stone-agers probably had higher IQs than we do, relevant to time period of course. Sure, I can use a Blackberry, but could I figure out how to roll large stones with no motorized equipment? Nope. All of our 'advances' as mankind have actually deteriorated our very basic methods of architect and systematic procedures (without using anything man-made). Anyways, about the thread... It was delightful to read. It makes me smile when I read the part about how they didn't have drawings of 'Idols' or 'Gods', but rather they cherished the things that made direct and real influence in their lives. Brilliance from an era of rocks and dirt. Love it.

YouTube - Simple building. Stonehenge Reloaded by only one white man!!

The truth makes one wonder why we invented hydraulics in the first place.

[Walrus]

Quote by: Garry Denke Panoramio - Photo of Heelstone lion head, calf head, man face (clockwise) flying eagle wings centering Heelstone lion head, calf head, man face (clockwise) flying eagle wings centering on Flickr - Photo Sharing!

What is this, some sort of rocky rorschach test, as far as I am aware there is no lion’s head, calf’s head, man’s face, flying eagle or any other Neolithic art on the heelstone.

[Walrus]

Quote by: Technosoul The things the new digs discovered (2004 and later) was a city nearby and the man-made highway that connected the stone henge with the wood henge. They conducted no digs inside the stonehenge monument. The dig was apparently well funded because they employed the topnotch experts in the field to help overview the project.

There has been a huge settlement found and a vast burial site, this latest dig known as the Riverside Project, is I believe funded by National Geographic

The puzzle that remains for me is the apparent fact that moving large stones was being done in many places around the globe. How could people so distant from each other know about the same kinds of construction methods unless they were the same group that traveled all over the earth ( at a time before the wheel was invented ). There is a lot about our prehistoric past that baffles the imagination.

I think it unlikely that they were produced by the same people, whilst there may have been a migration of technology across Europe, I don’t think it necessarily meant a migration of peoples. Beyond that, maybe the desire to erect megaliths has arisen independently in different cultures and is simply a way of creating impressive structures by people whose architectural skills were by our standards primitive, which is why they crop up all over the place. The Easter Island statues are far more modern but the method of erecting them may have been similar.

What I find interesting is that many of the world’s greatest architectural achievements are the result of religious belief; religion is a powerful driving force.

[Garry Denke]

Quote by: Walrus What is this, some sort of rocky rorschach test, as far as I am aware there is no lion’s head, calf’s head, man’s face, flying eagle or any other Neolithic art on the heelstone.

Heelstone Sculptured, Again

The Celtic sculptured four beasts of Heel Stone have been weathered enough without further alterations by the two 'Red Rover' carvers. Thousands of Heelstone sculptors, armed with hammers and chisels throughout past millennia, have not helped save them either.

Fortunately the Ancient Celtic sculptured lion head, calf head, face as a man, and flying eagle's wings "Heel Stone Sculpture" are preserved by the Ancient literature. But their History could be better preserved if British archaeologists would care about them for real.

Celtic four beast Heelstone sculpture belongs in The British Museum of London, the head of the Stonehenge Avenue corner has been weathered, altered, carved, damaged and destroyed enough! Why does not even one British archaeologist care about Heel Stone?

Well one thing is for certain, I was sure fooled by Pitts, he does not care about it.

Save Holy Heelstone!
Jesus Christ! Jesus Christ!
Move It to The British Museum!

Chiseling Heel Stone

[Walrus]

Quote by: Garry Denke Fortunately the Ancient Celtic sculptured lion head, calf head, face as a man, and flying eagle's wings "Heel Stone Sculpture" are preserved by the Ancient literature. But their History could be better preserved if British archaeologists would care about them for real.

So these supposed carvings are Celtic in origin and have nothing to do with the original purpose of Stonehenge.

As to the “Coal dusters” you mention, a strange term, is it an Americanism? I assume it means some form of mining. As the earliest evidence of coal being used as a fuel by this island’s populace wasn’t until the Iron Age, which in Britain covers a period from about 700 BC, long after Stonehenge was built; it would seem unlikely that they would have been mining for the stuff.

Please could you supply evidence to substantiate these claims regarding the existence of the Celtic carvings on the heelstone and use of coal as a fuel by Neolithic peoples 4000 years ago? A link to a bona fide archaeological website/websites would be fine... thanks.

[Technosoul]

Quote by: Garry Denke Coal dusters... Avebury coal duster, Cursus coal duster, Durrington Walls coal duster, Long Barrow coal duster, Robin Hood''s Ball coal duster, Stonehenge coal duster, Woodhenge coal duster, etc, all being originally simple coal hunting failures. Every one of them were coal exploration sites that did not yield any coal. Take away all of the dressed up cemetery headstone rocks and what have you got? Nothing more than a bunch of coal exploratory ditches and holes, that is what. Afterwards, these ditches and holes were utilised as grave plots, for tired disappointed coal explorers, and their cold disheartened families... Sad but true. Cave Coal: 800,000 BC; Hand Axes Camp Fuel: Dates through Ice Ages ---> NW to SE ---> Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Salisbury Plain http://www.durhamrecordsonline.com/l...ds-british.gif Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Prospect Area http://www.geology.19thcenturyscienc...GeoMap-400.jpg 800,000 BC Coalfield -> 800,000 BC Coalfield -> 100,000 BC Coalfield -> Stonehenge ---> dusters in white ---> http://www.coalpro.co.uk/images/coalmap.jpg Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Avebury duster Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Cursus duster Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Durrington Walls duster Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Long Barrow duster Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Robin Hood's Ball duster Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Stonehenge duster Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Woodhenge duster http://www.coalpro.co.uk/images/coalmap.jpg ---> dusters in white ---> 800,000 BC Coalfield -> 800,000 BC Coalfield -> 100,000 BC Coalfield -> Stonehenge http://www.geology.19thcenturyscienc...GeoMap-400.jpg Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Coalfield -> 40 miles -> Prospect Area http://www.durhamrecordsonline.com/l...ds-british.gif Pembrokeshire Coalfield -> South Wales Coalfield -> Bristol Coalfield -> Salisbury Plain ---> NW to SE ---> Camp Fuel: Dates through Ice Ages Cave Coal: 800,000 BC; Hand Axes His Diary of 1656 Doctor Garry Whilhelm Denke, Sr. (b. April 19, 1622; d. February 19, 1699) was a German historian, antiquarian and dentist. He was born in Baden, trained at Schwarzwald School, Black Forest, in metal and wood dentistry. Dr. Denke is best known for his Stonehenge Heelstone flying eagle 1656 hollow stem auger core of Cartridge brass (70% Cu; 30% Zn) and Live oak. After serving in the Thirty Years' War, he collected South Namur Waulsort and South Wales Coalfield white stone (Carboniferous) and coal stone from Stonehenge. Devoutly Catholic, Dr. Denke set out for Jamestown in the year 1666, was German Church historian and made Doctor by Sir William Berkeley governor dentist. He performed Appomattox Indian dentistry. In 1676 Virginia Civil War, Dr. Denke opossumed Bacon's Rebellion and settled at Hell's Gate, Brazos River South Wall, Great Kingdom of the Tejas, Caddo confederacy. The Doctor's elder Waulsort and Wales white stone collection, his crude biology (paleontology) and hollow stem auger core drill are housed at Caddo, near Breckenridge, Stephens County, Texas. Live oak (Quercus virginiana), Virginia algonquian (Didelphis virginiana) Why do you ask?

I asked because I never did hear of that explaination before. Coal would have been useful for making campfires and so forth. I was under the impression that China first discovered the "fire rocks" however that idea would not be far removed from flint stones.

Are you suggesting that stone age people were into digging for coal and made use of it for some reason?

The N.G. movie did show the actors painting their face with white powder stuff. hmm?

However the elaborate way stonehenge was built seems are little more then just an act of filling in some holes with grave stones. None the less, the great cities of Sumer were established near areas in the middle east where oil was abundant near the surface, and employed for temperature controlled ovens and for smithing gold and other metals.
One could imagine that coal would be as important.

The movie showed one skull they unearthed that had a large hole that exposed a tooth. Dental concerns would have been on their minds.
For all I know Stonehenge might be a monument where the rocks represent teeth - lower and upper circle, with braces. To honor some primative "tooth doctor".

However that idea would have trouble getting published I suspect.

[Garry Denke]

"Do you think you are letting your relationship with the
fossil fuel industry cloud your judgment on this matter?"

No, because anthracite and bituminous coals are not cloudy. For 352 years, since 21st June 1656, a German dentist Diary has been lecturing British dentists that Stonehenge '56 Bottom Cavities ('56 Aubrey Holes) were filled with a thin layer filling of white Carboniferous (Miss Lime) Limestone above a very thin layer filling of grey Carboniferous (Penn Coal) anthracite coal dust ('sooty matter') and bituminous coal dust ('sooty matter').

Compare Sooty Matter



'56 German Diary Author being infamous antiquarian and historian Doctor Garry Whilhelm Denke, Sr. (born: April 19, 1622 - died: February 19, 1699) dentist, whose hollow stem auger core drill penetrated such '56 Bottom Cavities ('56 Aubrey Holes) thin layer of white Carboniferous (Miss Lime) Limestone above very thin layer of grey Carboniferous (Penn Coal) anthracite coal dust ('sooty matter') and bituminous coal dust ('sooty matter').

Sooty, yes.
Cloudy, no.

[Technosoul]

Quote by: Thanatos YouTube - Simple building. Stonehenge Reloaded by only one white man!! The truth makes one wonder why we invented hydraulics in the first place.

I would agree that Stonehenge was built using simular primative methods where the people understood how to use gravity to their advantage. The stonehendge people moved their stones 25 miles over hills and fields and that guy had the advantage of using a hard surface to move his rocks on. Would his method work on soil that could sink in under such weights? Not sure if the Stonehenge people created gravel roads to move the stones on or not?

I have also seen photos where some native people on Eastern Island lifted a fallen stone upright again, by wedging wood under the stone.

Easter Island: stones, history, page 2

[Garry Denke]

Quote by: Technosoul I asked because I never did hear of that explaination before. Coal would have been useful for making campfires and so forth. I was under the impression that China first discovered the "fire rocks" however that idea would not be far removed from flint stones. Are you suggesting that stone age people were into digging for coal and made use of it for some reason? The N.G. movie did show the actors painting their face with white powder stuff. hmm? However the elaborate way stonehenge was built seems are little more then just an act of filling in some holes with grave stones. None the less, the great cities of Sumer were established near areas in the middle east where oil was abundant near the surface, and employed for temperature controlled ovens and for smithing gold and other metals. One could imagine that coal would be as important. The movie showed one skull they unearthed that had a large hole that exposed a tooth. Dental concerns would have been on their minds. For all I know Stonehenge might be a monument where the rocks represent teeth - lower and upper circle, with braces. To honor some primative "tooth doctor". However that idea would have trouble getting published I suspect.

An 120,000-year-old Stone Age coal hunting camp was discovered in 2005 by archaeologists in an opencast coal mine in Germany, its first use being campfire cooking fuel for German hunters.

Digging Up the Past: Stone Age Camp Found In Germany